Despite an Increase in Passengers, KAI’s Energy Consumption Actually Decreases by 22 Percent

Improved efficiency in energy use to support the company’s operational activities was recorded throughout 2025. The total energy consumption of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) was recorded at 10,107,302 gigajoules (GJ), a decrease of 15.39% compared to 2024 at 11,945,467 GJ.

This decrease occurred while the company’s service scale continued to expand. In 2025, the number of customers used as the basis for calculating energy intensity reached 492,657,571 customers, an increase of 8.67% compared to 2024 with 453,343,189 customers. Freight service volume also increased from 69,201,670 tons in 2024 to 69,571,601 tons in 2025.

Vice President Corporate Communication KAI, Anne Purba, explained that improving energy productivity is an important part of maintaining the sustainability of railway services. Energy management is carried out through consumption measurement, periodic monitoring, strengthening governance, and evaluation across all KAI operational areas. According to her, energy is one of the key elements in operating train journeys, maintaining rolling stock and infrastructure, and supporting service facilities, so KAI continues to manage it in a measurable way so that service improvements can proceed with increasingly efficient energy consumption.

Based on the KAI Sustainability Report 2025, energy usage intensity per customer decreased from 0.0263 GJ per customer in 2024 to 0.0205 GJ per customer in 2025. This decrease of around 22.05% shows that the energy used to serve each customer is getting lower.

Efficiency is also evident in freight services. Energy intensity per ton of goods decreased by 15.82%, from 0.1726 GJ per ton in 2024 to 0.1453 GJ per ton in 2025. Meanwhile, energy intensity relative to revenue decreased by 14.57%, from 0.3308 GJ per Rp billion to 0.2826 GJ per Rp billion. Anne stated that intensity data provides an overview of the relationship between the energy used and the scale of services produced, where the lower the intensity, the more efficient the energy required to serve customers, manage freight services, and support the company’s business activities.

From the energy source side, KAI’s consumption in 2025 was dominated by Biosolar B40/B35 at 255,047.87 kilolitres or equivalent to 9,666,314.31 GJ. This amount decreased compared to 2024 at 305,585.40 kilolitres or 11,581,686.81 GJ.

Meanwhile, diesel usage was recorded at 318.78 kilolitres or 12,081.92 GJ in 2025. In 2024, diesel usage reached 211.28 kilolitres or 8,007.52 GJ, while in 2023 it was 229.31 kilolitres or 8,690.72 GJ.

KAI also utilises renewable energy from solar power plants as well as electricity supplied by PLN. The calculation of energy consumption covers work units across all KAI operational areas, including railway activities and their supporting facilities.

In 2025, KAI implemented the use of B40 fuel in train operations. Trials were conducted on freight locomotives on the Jakarta–Surabaya route and generator engines on the Bogowonto train on the Lempuyangan–Pasar Senen route. To support these trials, KAI built B40 blending and refuelling facilities at five locations: Cipinang, Arjawinangun, Lempuyangan, Cepu, and Pasar Turi. By the end of 2025, KAI also began preparing trials for B50, which has been gradually implemented since July 2026.

Anne explained that energy efficiency achievements are becoming increasingly relevant alongside the growth in the number of KAI Group customers. Throughout the first semester of 2026, KAI Group served 258,993,359 customers, an increase of 7.55% compared to the first semester of 2025 with 240,805,920 customers.

This growth came from various KAI Group services. Long-distance and local train services managed by KAI served 29,858,267 customers, an increase of 8.72% compared to the first semester of 2025 with 27,463,555 customers. KAI Commuter served 204,151,200 customers, up 6.58% compared to the same period in 2025 with 191,540,583 customers. LRT Jabodebek served 16,018,911 customers, an increase of 22.84% from 13,040,403 customers.

The Makassar–Parepare train also recorded 172,015 customers, up 15.44% compared to the first semester of 2025 with 149,014 customers. Meanwhile, KAI Wisata served 164,743 customers, an increase of 64.45% compared to the same period the previous year.

In freight services, KAI transported 32,498,043 tons throughout the first semester of 2026. This figure consists of 26,534,095 tons of coal and 5,963,948 tons of non-coal commodities. Anne stated that customer growth and the large volume of goods must be balanced with increasingly better resource management. KAI is directing energy efficiency so that journeys remain reliable, service capacity is maintained, and environmental impacts can be managed gradually.

KAI also organises energy management training to improve employees’ understanding of conservation and efficiency. This competency development supports the company’s efforts to build more energy-conscious work habits in both operational activities and supporting facilities.

In reviewing developments in energy intensity, KAI noted improvements in calculation methods and validation of energy consumption data in 2025. These refinements were made to ensure that measurements are increasingly relevant, accurate, and accountable.

Anne concluded by stating that energy efficiency will continue to be part of KAI’s operational evaluation. With an increasingly large service scale, energy management must be carried out in a disciplined manner, data-driven, and aligned with the company’s sustainability agenda.