KAI Reduces Energy Intensity by up to 22%, Operational Efficiency Improves Amid Service Growth

PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) recorded an improvement in energy efficiency in supporting its operational activities. Throughout 2025, KAI’s total energy consumption was recorded at 10,107,302 gigajoules (GJ), a decrease of 15.39% compared to 2024, which reached 11,945,467 GJ.

This reduction occurred as the company’s service scale continued to expand. In 2025, the number of customers used as the basis for calculating energy intensity reached 492,657,571 passengers, an increase of 8.67% compared to 2024, which recorded 453,343,189 passengers. Freight volume also increased from 69,201,670 tons in 2024 to 69,571,601 tons in 2025.

Vice President of Corporate Communication KAI, Anne Purba, stated that improving energy productivity is an important part of maintaining the sustainability of railway services. Energy management is carried out through consumption measurement, periodic monitoring, strengthened governance, and evaluation across all KAI operational areas.

“Energy is a key element in operating train services, maintaining rolling stock and infrastructure, and supporting service facilities. KAI continues to manage it in a measurable way so that service improvements can be achieved with increasingly efficient energy consumption,” said Anne.

Based on the KAI Sustainability Report 2025, energy intensity per passenger decreased from 0.0263 GJ per passenger in 2024 to 0.0205 GJ per passenger in 2025. This decline of approximately 22.05% indicates that less energy is required to serve each passenger.

Efficiency is also evident in freight services. Energy intensity per ton decreased by 15.82%, from 0.1726 GJ per ton in 2024 to 0.1453 GJ per ton in 2025. Meanwhile, energy intensity relative to revenue declined by 14.57%, from 0.3308 GJ per Rp billion to 0.2826 GJ per Rp billion.

“Intensity data provides an overview of the relationship between energy consumption and the scale of services delivered. The lower the intensity, the more efficient the energy required to serve passengers, manage freight services, and support the company’s business activities,” Anne explained.

In terms of energy sources, KAI’s consumption in 2025 was dominated by Biosolar B40/B35, amounting to 255,047.87 kilolitres or equivalent to 9,666,314.31 GJ. This figure decreased compared to 2024, which recorded 305,585.40 kilolitres or 11,581,686.81 GJ.

Meanwhile, diesel consumption was recorded at 318.78 kilolitres or 12,081.92 GJ in 2025. In comparison, diesel usage reached 211.28 kilolitres or 8,007.52 GJ in 2024, and 229.31 kilolitres or 8,690.72 GJ in 2023.

KAI also utilises renewable energy from solar power plants as well as electricity supplied by PLN. The energy consumption calculation covers work units across all KAI operational areas, including railway operations and supporting facilities.

In 2025, KAI implemented the use of B40 fuel in train operations. Trials were conducted on freight locomotives operating on the Jakarta–Surabaya route and on the generator set of the Bogowonto train operating between Lempuyangan and Pasar Senen.

To support these trials, KAI built B40 blending and refuelling facilities in five locations: Cipinang, Arjawinangun, Lempuyangan, Cepu, and Pasar Turi. By the end of 2025, KAI had also begun preparing for B50 testing, which has been gradually implemented since July 2026.

Anne explained that energy efficiency achievements are becoming increasingly relevant alongside the growth in KAI Group’s customer numbers. Throughout the first half of 2026, KAI Group served 258,993,359 passengers, an increase of 7.55% compared to the first half of 2025, which recorded 240,805,920 passengers.

This growth came from various KAI Group services. Long-distance and local train services operated by KAI served 29,858,267 passengers, an increase of 8.72% compared to the first half of 2025, which recorded 27,463,555 passengers.

KAI Commuter served 204,151,200 passengers, up 6.58% compared to the same period in 2025, which recorded 191,540,583 passengers. LRT Jabodebek served 16,018,911 passengers, an increase of 22.84% from 13,040,403 passengers.

The Makassar–Parepare railway also recorded 172,015 passengers, up 15.44% compared to the first half of 2025, which recorded 149,014 passengers. Meanwhile, KAI Wisata served 164,743 passengers, an increase of 64.45% compared to the same period in the previous year.

In freight services, KAI transported 32,498,043 tons during the first half of 2026, consisting of 26,534,095 tons of coal and 5,963,948 tons of non-coal commodities.

“The growth in passengers and the significant volume of freight must be balanced with better resource management. KAI is directing energy efficiency efforts to ensure reliable travel, maintained service capacity, and gradually managed environmental impact,” said Anne.

KAI has also organised energy management training to improve employee awareness of conservation and efficiency. This competency development supports the company’s efforts to build more energy-conscious working habits in both operational and supporting activities.

In analysing energy intensity developments, KAI has taken into account improvements in calculation methods and validation of energy consumption data in 2025. These refinements were made to ensure that measurements are more relevant, accurate, and accountable.

“Energy efficiency will continue to be part of KAI’s operational evaluation. With the growing scale of services, energy management must be carried out in a disciplined, data-driven manner and aligned with the company’s sustainability agenda,” Anne concluded.

VP Corporate Communication KAI